architectural history

art history

black and white photography

historical architecture

history of architecture

There are approximately 130 images of Morocco and Algeria in this collection.&nbsp;

Paul Servant

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glass plate negative

Group in European Dress

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View of Beach

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Woman on Walkway, Construction Scene

Morocco

Some sort of port has existed in the environs of <a href="http://archnet.org/authorities/3987 " rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Tangier</a> throughout most of recorded history, due to its harbor and strategic location on the Strait of Gibraltar.&nbsp;The Portuguese who had occupied the city from the late 15th century to 1662, tried to mitigate the rough waters of the Straits by building a breakwater, but the first truly ambitious attempt to built a port was made after the city was ceded to the English, who promptly began work on a 225 m long and 33 m wide mole of Tangier that they destroyed when driven out of the city in 1684.&nbsp; No attempt was made to rebuild until the late 19th century that a wooden pier was constructed.&nbsp;In the early 20th century piers and breakwaters were built to protect the port from storms. In 1921 the Société du port de Tanger was granted the exclusive right to build and maintain a modern port.&nbsp;Construction that began a few years later and lasted into the beginning of the 20th century included a 960 m breakwater, piers, and facilities for unloading Cargo.&nbsp;After independence control of the port went first to Régie Autonome du Port de Casablanca (RAPC), then to the Office d’Exploitation des Ports puis à l’Agence Nationale des Ports from 1985 to 2006.&nbsp;At that time the administration and maintenance of the port became the responsibility of the Agence Nationale des Ports.&nbsp; In 2007 a new port, Tanger-Med, went into operation 40 km east of Tangier to handle commercial shipping, and in 2010 the port was closed to all but the ferries from Europe and smaller vessels such as fishing boats.&nbsp;A major refurbishing is now underway.&nbsp;To the east of the ferry terminal, a large area for leisure boating and yachts is being built.&nbsp;A fishing port is being built on the opposite side, and the <a href="http://archnet.org/sites/10577" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Port Mosque</a> is being rebuilt with a larger capacity.&nbsp;It appears the <a href="http://archnet.org/sites/9189" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Customs House</a> is also being refurbished.&nbsp;The <a href="http://archnet.org/sites/2" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">train station</a> in the port is not longer operational, and the tracks to it have been removed.&nbsp;In addition, the beachfront train station just outside the port has been converted to a police station, and the beachfront tracks are also being removed.&nbsp; --Michael A. Toler, Archnet Content Manager Sources:Agence Nationale De Ports. "Port De Tanger - Présentation." The National Ports Agency. Accessed September 24, 2015. <a href="http://www.anp.org.ma/Services/Porttanger/Pages/Presentation.aspx" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">http://www.anp.org.ma/Services/Porttanger/Pages/Presentation.aspx</a>.American Legation, Tangier Morocco: Historic Structure Report, II-1-4. Washington, DC: United States Department of State, Overseas Building Operations, 2010.Boujibar, Naïma El-Khatib. "The Ports on the Strait" 192-202 in Mazzīn, Muḥammad, and Imḥammad Bin ʻAbbūd. Andalusian Morocco: Discovery in Living Art. [S.l.]: Museum With No Frontiers, 2001.Elbl, Martin. Portuguese Tangier (1471-1662): Colonial Urban Fabric as Cross-cultural Skeleton. Peterborough, Ontario: Baywolf Press, 2013.Guiguet-Bologne, Philippe. Un guide de Tanger et de sa région. Tangier: Litograf, 1996."Project." Project: Masterplan for the Tangier Old Harbour - Espinàs I Tarrasó SCP. Accessed November 20, 2016.&nbsp;<a href="http://www.world-architects.com/en/projects/50443_Masterplan_for_the_Tangier_Old_Harbour." rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">http://www.world-architects.com/en/projects/50443_Masterplan_for_the_Tangier_Old_Harbour.</a><a href="http://www.world-architects.com/en/projects/50443_Masterplan_for_the_Tangier_Old_Harbour." rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Roca, Juan, Ramon.&nbsp;Tangier and its surroundings. Alicante, Spain: Roca Vincente-Franquiera, 2011.</a>Stuart, Graham H. The International City of Tangier. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1955.Tanger et Sa Zone. Vol. 7. Villes Et Tribus Du Maroc. Documents Et Renseignements De La Mission Scientifique Du Maroc. Paris: E. Leroux, 1921.

Port (Tangier)

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Polo Action Shot

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Man on Horseback in Tangier Road 

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Gathering in Tent

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Tomb with Three Visitors 

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Street Scene near Railroad Station

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Suq in the Countryside 

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Man in European Dress in Countryside 

Box 10 - International Tangier

This collection currently contains approximately 2,000 images of the western Mediterranean, and particularly&nbsp;<a href="http://archnet.org/authorities/3987" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Tangier</a>, Morocco, during the period in which the city truly was an International Zone.&nbsp;The images are&nbsp;believed to be the work of Spanish photographer and longtime resident of Tangier,&nbsp;<a href="http://archnet.org/authorities/2852" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Paul Servant</a>.&nbsp;They document the city and multiple other locations in the region approximately between the last years of the 19th century and the 1930s. They are scanned from a large collection of medium-format, glass plate negatives in the collection of the Tangier American Institute for Moroccan Studies (<a href="http://archnet.org/sites/8271" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">TALIM</a>).&nbsp;The images of Morocco,&nbsp;<a href="http://archnet.org/collections/900" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">France</a>,&nbsp;<a href="https://archnet.org/collections/805" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Spain</a>, <a href="#" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Algeria</a>, <a href="#" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Gibraltar</a>, and other places, provide important and rare visual documentation of these places between the First and Second World Wars, when nearly every aspect of society was in flux. Tangier is particularly well documented. Images capture the arrival of Europeans in the port, construction of the railway, some of the city's best-known buildings, and a wide variety of the city's inhabitants, Moroccan and European,&nbsp;civilian and military. With the help of multiple institutions,1&nbsp;most recently the&nbsp;<a href="http://www.wellesley.edu/mes#zSTCL0sb5iRCEj21.97" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Program in Middle Eastern Studies</a>&nbsp;and the Center for Work and Service of Wellesley College, the entire collection is now digitized and catalogued to the best degree possible.&nbsp;&nbsp; For reasons explained in the fuller history of the collection, many images are only partially identified, and some may even be misidentified. Do not hesitate to&nbsp;<a href="https://libraries.mit.edu/akdc/services-and-staff/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">contact us</a>&nbsp;if you are able to correct or provide further information on a photograph.&nbsp;&nbsp;Organization of the Collection:&nbsp;The complete collection is now online. The organization of the virtual collection reflects the organization of the physical glass negative collection as it is stored. Images are presented in sub-collections corresponding to the numbered boxes in which they are stored.&nbsp;The contents of each box are summarized on the description page for each collection.&nbsp; --Michael A. Toler, Archnet Content Manager (Updated October 8, 2016 ) 1&nbsp;For a fuller history and description of the project,&nbsp;see&nbsp;<a href="http://archnet.org/pages/TALIM-negatives" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">this page</a>.&nbsp;

International Tangier: Morocco & the Mediterranean as seen from Tangier in the Early 20th c.

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digital graphic

IAA708390

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Men near Village 

Archnet is a community-powered resource that provides ready access to visual and textual material to facilitate teaching, scholarship, and professional work of high quality.&nbsp;This unparalleled resource continues to grow with both the addition of historic archives and documentation on contemporary trends shaping the built environment today.&nbsp;To better serve you, our user, in the study of art and architecture of Muslim societies, we continue to build our vast collection of sites, publications, images, and videos. To ensure a high level of scholarly content and accuracy in the information provided, we appreciate your expert feedback and, more importantly, your contributions..&nbsp;&nbsp;<ul><li>Please send comments, corrections, commendations, and other feedback to <a href="mailto:archnet@mit.edu" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">archnet@mit.edu</a>.&nbsp;</li><li>If you find sites on Archnet to which you can contribute in compelling and meaningful ways, your generosity is most welcome. If you would be interested in contributing research, publications or other media to Archnet, please contact us using <a href="about:blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">archnet-submission@mit.edu</a>.&nbsp;</li><li>We invite contributions of relevant, previously published, Open Access or copyrighted material for which you are able to grant Archnet a non-exclusive license. Please contact us using <a href="about:blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">archnet-submission@mit.edu</a>.&nbsp;</li><li>We invite the contribution of syllabi, lesson plans, recorded lectures, or other material for our pedagogy project. Please contact us using <a href="about:blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">archnet-submission@mit.edu</a>.&nbsp;</li><li>We welcome the donation of select archives based on our current editorial policies and priorities.&nbsp;If you have a collection you would like to bring to the attention of Archnet's editors, please send an email to: <a href="http://mailto: archnet-submission@mit.edu/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">archnet-submission@mit.edu</a>.</li><li>Occasionally, Archnet editors issue calls for contributions on specific themes or of particular types of material. Follow those on the <a href="https://libraries.mit.edu/akdc/category/contributors/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">website of AKDC@MIT </a>or <a href="https://mailchi.mp/17fc345bbd94/archnetakdc-updates" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">subscribe to our mailing list</a>.</li></ul> The breadth, depth, and quality of Archnet is oachieved through the generosity of numerous institutions and individuals listed on the respective pages throughout the site.&nbsp;We thank you for your generosity!

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Archnet is an Open Access resource, provided to the public to facilitate cultural understanding and excellence in both scholarship and practice. Content from Archnet.org may not be published, displayed, or appropriated for commercial use without the expressed written permission of the copyright holder. Unless otherwise noted, Archnet material is available for instructional, nonprofit use, and personal use on the terms of a <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International</a> (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. Please contact Archnet to request permission to use the Archnet.org website and its contents beyond the scope outlined above. High-resolution images may be available by contacting us using <a href="mailto:archnet@mit.edu" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">archnet@mit.edu</a>. The content available on Archnet, including but not limited to information, text, graphics, logos, and multimedia related to the the <a href="https://www.archnet.org/authorities/1903" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Aga Khan Trust for Culture’</a>s programmes, such as the <a href="https://www.archnet.org/collections/54" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Historic Cities Programme</a>, the <a href="https://www.archnet.org/collections/848" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Aga Khan Award for Architecture</a> and the <a href="https://www.archnet.org/collections/132" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Aga Khan Music Programme</a>, may be protected by copyright, trademark, or other intellectual property rights and laws, whether owned by the Aga Khan Trust for Culture, its affiliates, or third parties. Unauthorized use, reproduction, distribution, modification, or display of this content is strictly prohibited without the express written permission of the respective copyright or trademark holder. Violation of this prohibition may result in legal penalties.

Terms of use

<h2>ARCHNET FAQ</h2>1. Will ARCHNET work on my device?Archnet works well on the most recent version of any major browser (Chrome, Firefox, Safari, Edge), either on a mobile device or computer. It may work on older or less common browsers as well. If Archnet fails to work properly on your machine, please let us know about your experience by clicking the blue feedback button at bottom right!2. Will my URLs from earlier versions of Archnet still work?Yes, if they are from the version launched in January 2013. As of October 12, 2021, all URLs from the old Archnet have been redirected to ARCHNET.&nbsp;&nbsp;3. How do I download a/n:&nbsp;<ul><li>image - Select the image you want to download from search results, a site or an authority. The image will open in your browser.&nbsp;Right click to download.&nbsp;For larger, high-resolution copies, see contact us using archnet@mit.edu.&nbsp;</li><li>publication - Open the page for the publication in your browser and click the download button. Reprinting Archnet publications is permissible only for personal use.&nbsp;Please contact us for any other requests.&nbsp;</li><li>site descriptions and metadata - Site descriptions and metadata can be used for any nonprofit or educational organization with appropriate attribution to the authors and Archnet.&nbsp;</li><li>video - Currently video downloads are not possible. If you'd like to use an Archnet video, please contact <a href="mailto:archnet@mit.edu" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">archnet@mit.edu</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</li></ul>See our <a href="https://www.archnet.org/pages/terms" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Terms of Use</a> for information on how you can use Archnnet material.4. Can I contribute material to Archnet?&nbsp;Yes!&nbsp;See our <a href="https://www.archnet.org/pages/contribute" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Contribute</a> page for more information.&nbsp;Calls for specific contributions are also also shared in our social media and on the <a href="https://libraries.mit.edu/akdc/category/contributors/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">web site of the Aga Khan Documentation Center at MIT</a>.&nbsp;&nbsp;5. What happened to the Archnet Timeline?&nbsp;Timeline has migrated into the ARCHNET NEXT Collections page&nbsp;<a href="https://www.archnet.org/collections/collection_type/3/1" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">as a category</a>. These collections provide short introductions for each period, often offering lists of additional resources at the end of the entry. Only the timeline graphic listing the periods along a chronological axis has not migrated.6. My question isn't here.&nbsp;How can I get help?&nbsp;If your issue is with using Archnet, use the blue Feedback button to alert us to your issue. This will allow you to include a screenshot or recording. Please, also, feel free to contact us at <a href="mailto:archnet@mit.edu" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">archnet@mit.edu</a>We are currently developing the help section of ARCHNET NEXT. In the meantime, please use the blue Feedback button in ARCHNET NEXT to send us feedback or other questions. Contact us at <a href="mailto:archnet@mit.edu" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">archnet@mit.edu</a>.&nbsp;

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Welcome to ARCHNET, an open access, interdisciplinary, intellectual resource focused on the built environment of Muslim societies.Focused on the built environment of Islamic civilizations past and present, we seek to:<ul><li>Facilitate excellence in scholarship and professional work by&nbsp;providing reliable information and ready access&nbsp;to vetted, high-quality textual and multimedia resources&nbsp;focused on architecture, urbanism, environmental and landscape design,&nbsp;heritage&nbsp;conservation, economic and environmental sustainability, community development and resilience in the face of rapid change, and related topics.</li><li>Enable teaching and learning in these domains by providing educators with reliable, effective pedagogical material and teaching aids.&nbsp;</li><li>Serve as a platform through which scholars, practitioners, and institutions can bring their work to new global audiences.&nbsp;</li><li>Promote intercultural understanding and dialogue through reliable, high-quality, peer-reviewed material on the diversity of and pluralism within Muslim societies and the interaction between Islamic and other religious, cultural, and philosophical traditions as it relates to architecture and urbanism.</li><li>Enable easy access to a wide variety of resources via a custom-built, web-based, mobile-friendly platform optimized to minimize financial, infrastructural, linguistic, and other barriers to access.&nbsp;&nbsp;</li></ul>Launched in 2002 after several years of development, ARCHNET is a pioneering digital resource that has proven a reliable authority on the built environment of Muslim societies, past and present.&nbsp;ARCHNET is a partnership between the <a href="https://www.archnet.org/collections/1342" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Aga Khan Documentation Center, MIT Libraries</a> (AKDC@MIT) and the <a href="https://www.archnet.org/authorities/1903" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Aga Khan Trust for Culture</a> (AKTC), with support from the <a href="https://www.archnet.org/collections/50" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Aga Khan Program for Islamic Architecture</a> at Harvard and MIT.&nbsp;ARCHNET is developed and maintained by <a href="https://www.performantsoftware.com/" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Performant Software Solutions</a>.

Box 10 - International Tangier

Parent Collections

Related Collections

Keywords

Box 10 - International Tangier

Images & Videos

Parent Collections

Related Collections

Keywords