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About

Aleppo 

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Syria

Bab al-Nasr (Gate of Victory) was originally called Bab al-Yahud because of its location next to the Jewish Quarter. It was rebuilt and renamed by al-Zaher Ghazi in 1212 to become the most important northern gate of the city. Its simple, direct access form became more complex under the reconstruction with the fortifying tactics used by the Ayyubids. The left tower has an opening that leads to a vaulted chamber that changes the direction of procession towards the right. The chamber connects to a vaulted corridor carved out of the thickness of the wall that leads outside to the left. This double-bent axis gives the gate its military strength while reducing its practicality. During the Ottoman period the double wall was pierced to readapt the gate for vehicular passage due to the gates location on Shar'i al-Khandaq which was originally part of the moats that the Ottoman's transformed into a major carriageway. The gate was protected by two saints al-Khidr and Abu'l 'Abbas. Sources: Tabbaa, Yasser, 1997, Constructions of Power and Piety in Medieval Aleppo, The Pennsylvania State University Press, pp. 20-21.

Bab al-Nasr

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Aleppo. Bab al-Nasr.

Bab al-Maqam, built by al-Aziz Muhammad in 1230 on the road that connected the Maqamat with the Citadel. It is unique in its planning and form. The design's innovative quality implies a monumental, ceremonial function rather than a military one. Yasser Tabbaa presents an argument that supports this hypotheses. He explains how this gate differs from nearly all other medieval Syrian gates in three very important respects: it has no defense towers; it has a straight instead of a bent axis; and it has three openings instead of one. Most of the gates built after this one were developed for defense reasons; one opening to control access, bent axes to prevent direct passage and two massive defense towers. Bab al- Maqam is the only tripartite gate built in the Ayyubid period. Though triumphal arches are a rare Islamic architecture type, Tabbaa points to the existence of several precedents such as Bab al-Maydan in Fustat, a brick arch at the foothill of Qal'at-i al Bust and the Gate of Wine at the Alhambra palace. These precedents reinforce the possibility of Bab al-Maqam's ceremonial program both religious, a point of entry to pay homage to Abraham, and political, countering the Shi'i shrines (Mashhad al-Dikka and Mashhad al-Husayn) to the east. Source: Tabbaa, Yasser, 1997, Constructions of Power and Piety in Medieval Aleppo, The Pennsylvania State University Press, pp. 67-69.

Bab al-Maqam

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Aleppo. Bab al-Maqam. Exterior View.

Bab Antakiyya formed one of the most important defense gates in Aleppo, protecting the city from the west. It is one of the oldest gates built due to its strategic site, and has thus seen several phases of reconstruction. The Hamdanid ruler of Aleppo Sayf-al-Dawla rebuilt the gate using its antique foundations and the Fatimids restored it during the 11th century. It went through periodical repairs and restorations until 1422. The two massive Ayyubid defense towers were built with thick stone walls into which the deep arrow slits were discreetly inserted. The gate contains the shrine of Sheikh Ali al-Rumi in the southern tower. The gate survived with both its towers still intact into modernity.&nbsp; Sources: Tabbaa, Yasser. Constructions of Power and Piety in Medieval Aleppo.&nbsp;University Park, PA: The Pennsylvania State University Press, 1997.

Bab Antakiyya

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<div style="text-align: justify;">Bab al-Faraj (Gate of Deliverance) or Bab al-Faradis is located to the north of the old city. It was built by al-Zahir Ghazi and reopened later by al-Nasir Yusuf II. In 1904 it was torn down with a portion of the surrounding fabric to become a public square known by the same name. It is now a major junction of the traffic flow in and out of the old city to the extra-mural areas. The Bab-al-Faraj reconstruction project is one of the first preservation efforts in Aleppo. It started in 1978 and is still underway. The remains of the original gate were recently uncovered and are several meters under street level. The gate will be the focus in an archeological park that is part of the modern civic programs in the leveled area.</div><div style="text-align: justify;"> </div>Sources: Tabbaa, Yasser. Constructions of Power and Piety in Medieval Aleppo, 20. University Park, PA: The Pennsylvania State University Press, 1997.

Bab al-Faraj

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<div style="text-align: justify;">Bab Qinnasrin was originally built by the Hamdanid ruler of Aleppo Sayf al-Dawla but was completely rebuilt in 1256 by Al-Nasir Yusuf II who renewed the southwestern part of the city wall between the Qinnasrin and Antakiyya gates. The architecture of Bab Qinnasrin was formed by two massive towers of unequal heights. The western tower, eighteen meters high, was used for defense while the eastern one, twenty-six meters high, formed the entrance. The Ayyubid portal in the form of a tall arch leads to a tripartite hall with a cross vaulted middle chamber. The chamber opens into another cross-vaulted chamber that is connected to the western side of the gate by a corridor that extends to the wall behind the western tower. Passing through two more chambers, one enters the city. The plan's sequence of rooms form an enclosed square with an open court in the middle that has a water well, cisterns, and flour and oil mills. The gate also holds the Shrine of Khalil al-Tayyar. The western side has been completely demolished.</div> The innovative plan establishes this structure as a fortress comparable to the Citadel Gate. Significant damage to the gate occurred as part of armed conflict in Aleppo during the Syrian Civil War. Sources: Tabbaa, Yasser. Constructions of Power and Piety in Medieval Aleppo. University Park, PA: The Pennsylvania State University Press, 1997.<div><div> </div><div>Geonames URI:&nbsp;<a href="http://sws.geonames.org/7745934/" target="_blank" data-bypass="true">http://sws.geonames.org/7745934/</a> </div></div>

Bab Qinnasrin

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Aleppo. Bab Qinnasrin. Exterior View.

Bab al-Hadid (or the Iron Gate) was originally planned during the reign of al-Zahir Ghazi and built by his son Muhammad as Bab al-Qanat (the Aqueduct Gate). It was rebuilt by the final Mamluk sultan Qansuh al-Guri in 1509. It holds an unknown shrine within its walls. Sources: Tabbaa, Yasser.&nbsp;Constructions of Power and Piety in Medieval Aleppo, 20-21. University Park, PA: The Pennsylvania State University Press, 1997.<div> </div><div>Geonames URI:&nbsp;<a href="http://sws.geonames.org/7746277/" target="_blank" data-bypass="true">http://sws.geonames.org/7746277/</a></div>

Bab al-Hadid

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The 6 Feb. earthquake and its aftershocks have caused a massive humanitarian crisis, the dimensions of which are not yet clear. Even less clear is the extent of damage to historic structures, a comprehensive assessment of which cannot be undertaken while the crisis is still unfolding. Nonetheless, anecdotal reports of damage to historical monuments are coming in, often supported by photographs or video.&nbsp;This collection contains the Archnet records for affected cities and sites. It is not a comprehensive list, and we are still in the process of updating individual records to indicate the damage sustained. We seek your help in keeping this collection current. See the call for participation:<ul><li><a href="https://www.archnet.org/publications/14915" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">English</a></li><li><a href="https://www.archnet.org/publications/14917" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">العربية</a></li><li><a href="https://www.archnet.org/publications/14916" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Türkçe</a></li></ul>

Heritage Sites Damaged in the 6 February 2023 Turkey–Syria Earthquake

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Import

Sir Keppel Archibald Cameron Creswell

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black-and-white print

ICR2327

City Walls of Aleppo

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ICR2328

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ICR2335

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ICR2336

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ICR2337

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ICR2338

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ICR2339

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ICR2340

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ICR2341

Adnan Morshed

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City Walls of Aleppo
Aleppo, Syria

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City Walls of Aleppo
Aleppo, Syria

Location

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Associated Names

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City Walls of AleppoAleppo, Syria

Location

Images & Videos

Associated Names

Site Contains

Associated Collections

Events

Additional Names

Site Types

City Walls of Aleppo
Aleppo, Syria