Al-Andalus

This collection includes media related to the chapter on "Aristocratic Residences and the Majlis in&nbsp;<a href="http://archnet.org/timelines/48/period/Umayyad%20in%20Spain/year/785" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Umayyad</a><a href="http://archnet.org/authorities/3601" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Córdoba</a>," by Glaire D. Anderson, published in&nbsp;<a href="http://archnet.org/collections/1465" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Music, Sound, and Architecture in Islam</a>, 2018.&nbsp;

Michal Koszycki

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digital photograph

Cordoba. Rummaniyya. Hypothetical Visualization. Aerial View.

Spain

The&nbsp;munya&nbsp;of Rummaniyya is a villa located in the hinterland of Cordoba, approximately 2 kilometers west of Madinat al-Zahra. Textual sources state that the villa was commissioned by al-Durri al-Saghir, a&nbsp;fata&nbsp;or high-ranking slave of the Spanish Umayyad Caliph al-Hakam II who rose through the ranks to serve in important administrative positions at court. Durri gifted the villa to al-Hakam II in 973/362 AH, providing an terminus ante quem for the construction of the villa.&nbsp;The remains of the estate (arabic munya ) known as the Munyat al-Rummaniya provide the best surviving physical evidence for the extensive zone of luxurious properties that developed in the countryside around Cordoba between the 8th and 11th centuries.&nbsp; The estate takes its name from a nearby stream known as the Wadi al-Rumman, or River of the Pomegranate, and is located about 3 km west of the palatine city of Madinat al-Zahra, with which it shares similarities in siting and conception. Like Madinat al-Zahra, the munya of Rummaniya is located at the foot of the Sierra Morena mountain range and is composed of a series of walled terraces. The remains of buildings and a monumental pool are located on the uppermost terrace, which affords views of the lower terraces and the landscape beyond. The substantial stone retaining walls that support the terraces, the pool, and connections to an aqueduct that fed the property are visible on the site.&nbsp;The grounds encompass an area of approximately 4.5 hectares. The complex of buildings on the uppermost terrace consisted of a central block that contained a double audience hall overlooking the gardens and a number of adjoining rooms; a wing to the east that served as stables; and a block of buildings to the west surrounding a large, rectangular pool. The main building material for this complex were ashlar blocks made of local limestone.&nbsp; The double hall in the central block had a square platform that extended from the fourth onto the third terrace. This platform had a small pool.&nbsp; In the western block of buildings surrounding a lage pool, a second reception hall opened on its north side to the pool and on its south side to the gardens. Like other Spanish Umayyad constructions and Abbasid constructions in Iraq before them, the&nbsp;munya&nbsp;of Rummaniyya utilized the natural landscape and hydraulic engineering as an expression of wealth and power.1 History of archaeological excavation Ricardo Velázquez Bosco was the first to excavate at the site in 1910. In the 1920s, some of the foundations that Velázquez Bosco uncovered were destroyed and other components rebuilt with elements found at the site in the course of the construction of a summer house for the marquis of Murrieta. In the 1990s, the site was incorporated into the archaeological park of Madinat al-Zahra. From 2006-2009, a joint project led by Felix Arnold, Alberto Canto Garcia, and Antonio Vallejo Triano undertook a topographical survey of the site, several targetd excavations, and scientific analyses of the original plantings in the gardens.&nbsp; Dating and identification Velázquez Bosco originally identified the ruins as the Munyat al-Amiriyya (La Almuniya de Alamiriya), a name still applied eroniously to the site in colloquial parlance today. Manuel Ocaña Jiménez disputed this interpretation in an article published in 1984, suggesting instead that the villa should be identified with that known as al-Rummaniyya in the sources, attributed to al-Durri al-Saghir. His suggestion, possibly confirmed by an inscription found on a marble basin at the site reading "in the year five [...]" that Ocaña Jiménez proposed referred to 355 AH (966 CE),&nbsp;continues to be accepted by scholars today.2&nbsp; Notes: <ol><li>Arnold, Canto García&nbsp;and Vallejo Triano, "Almunia de al-Rummaniyya," 10.</li><li>For the basin, see Glaire Anderson, Felix Arnold, and Antonio Vallejo Triano, "Decoration," in Arnold et al. eds.,&nbsp;Munyat al-Rummānīya, 132.</li></ol> Sources: "Almunia dal-Rummaniyya."&nbsp;Guia digital del patrimonio cultural de Andalucía. https://guiadigital.iaph.es/bien/inmueble/2767/cordoba/cordoba/almunia-al-rummaniyya [Accessed November 24, 2020]. Archived site:&nbsp;<a href="https://archive.is/mVQrF" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">https://archive.is/mVQrF</a> Anderson, Glaire D.&nbsp;The Islamic Villa in Early Medieval Iberia: Architecture and Court Culture in Umayyad&nbsp;Córdoba, 50-61.&nbsp;Farnham: Ashgate, 2013. Arnold, Felix, Alberto Canto García and Antonio Vallejo Triano. "La Almunia de al-Rummanīyya. Resultados de una documentación arquitectónica."&nbsp;Cuadernos de Madinat al-Zahra&nbsp;6 (2008): 181-204. Arnold, Felix, Alberto Canto Garía and Antonio Vallejo Triano, Eds.&nbsp;Munyat al-Rummānīya: Ein Islamischer Landsitz bei Córdoba. Vol. 1: Palastanlagen. Wiesbaden: Ludwig Reichert Verlag, 2015. Ruggles, D. Fairchild.&nbsp;Gardens, Landscape and Vision in the Palaces of Islamic Spain, 111-118. University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2000. Ocaña Jiménez, Manuel. "Las ruinas de 'Almamiría,' un yacimiento arqueológico erróneamente denominado."&nbsp;Al-Qantara&nbsp;5 (1984): 367-381. Velázquez Bosco, Ricardo.&nbsp;Madina Azzahra y Alamiria. Madrid, 1912.

Munya al-Rummaniyya

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digital graphic

IAA706453

Ariel Li

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Rummaniyya. Imaginative Visualization. Double Hall.

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Glaire Anderson

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Rummaniyya. Monumental Pool.

Ben Parise

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Rummaniyya. Hypothetical Visualization. W. Reception Hall.

Nate Dierk

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Rummaniyya. Volute.

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Rummaniyya. Basin.

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architectural rendering

Rummaniyya. Imaginative Visualization. W Hall.

Aristocratic Residences and the Majlis in Umayyad Córdoba (Andalusia and Europe)

Editors' Introduction: This collection contains multimedia content related to the book, <a href="https://utpress.utexas.edu/books/frishkopf-spinetti-music-sound-and-architecture-in-islam">Music, Sound, and Architecture in Islam</a>, edited by Michael Frishkopf and Federico Spinetti, with foreword by Ali Asani, published by University of Texas Press (2018). Tracing the connections between music making and built space in both historical and contemporary times, Music, Sound, and Architecture in Islam brings together domains of intellectual reflection that have rarely been in dialogue to promote a greater understanding of the centrality of sound production in constructed environments in Muslim religious and cultural expression. Representing the fields of ethnomusicology, anthropology, art history, architecture, history of architecture, religious studies, and Islamic studies, the volume's contributors consider sonic performances ranging from poetry recitation to art, folk, popular, and ritual musics—as well as religious expressions that are not usually labeled as "music" from an Islamic perspective—in relation to monumental, vernacular, ephemeral, and landscape architectures; interior design; decoration and furniture; urban planning; and geography. Underscoring the intimate relationship between traditional Muslim sonic performances, such as the recitation of the Qur'an or devotional songs, and conventional Muslim architectural spaces, from mosques and Sufi shrines to historic aristocratic villas, gardens, and gymnasiums, the book reveals Islam as an ideal site for investigating the relationship between sound and architecture, which in turn proves to be an innovative and significant angle from which to explore Muslim cultures.--<a href="https://archnet.org/authorities/8471">Michael Frishkopf</a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a href="https://archnet.org/authorities/8470" target="_blank" data-bypass="true">Federico Spinetti</a>, editors May 2018&nbsp; This project, a collaboration between the University of Texas Press, AKDC@MIT, and the editors of the book, is a work in progress. Materials will be added as they are catalogued and processed for uploading. The structure of the collection mirrors the structure of the print volume in that it contains 14 collections divided into six headings. Each collection in the project corresponding to a chapter in <a href="https://utpress.utexas.edu/books/frishkopf-spinetti-music-sound-and-architecture-in-islam">Music, Sound, and Architecture in Islam</a>. Currently&nbsp;<a href="https://archnet.org/collections/1479">Chapter 14</a>&nbsp;is available, containing photographs and video of Iranian Zurkhaneh and the activity therein.&nbsp;<a href="https://archnet.org/pages/ToCMusic">Chapter list with links to the collections</a>.




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Music, Sound, and Architecture in Islam: Supplemental Media

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IAA706452

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Aristocratic Residences and the Majlis in Umayyad Córdoba (Andalusia and Europe)

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Aristocratic Residences and the Majlis in Umayyad Córdoba (Andalusia and Europe)

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