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About

 Maʻarrat al-Nuʻman

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digital graphic

IAA705884

place

al-Malik al-Zahir Ghazi

patron

educational

madrasa

Syria

Yasser Tabbaa

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Maarat al-Numan. Madrasa al-Ghiyathiyya. Domes and Minaret.

Maqam Nabi Yusha

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Maarat al-Numan. Madrasa al-Ghiyathiyya. Court.

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Maarat al-Numan. Madrasa al-Ghiyathiyya. Inscr.

مقام نبي يوشع

Original

Tomb of Nabi Yusha

Translation (English)

Tomb of Joshua

مقام نبي الله يوشع ابن نون

Alternate

Maqam Nabi-Allah Yusha' ibn Nun

Transliterated

Tomb of the Prophet Yusha' ibn Nun

Yusha' ibn Nun Tomb

مشهد نبي يوشع

Variant

Mashhad Nabi Yusha'

Shrine of Nabi Yusha'

مسجد نبي يوشع

Masjid Nabi Yusha'

See<a href="https://www.archnet.org/collections/2355" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"> Timeline: Ayyubid</a> ﻿Medieval dynasty which ruled Syria, Palestine, Iraq. Egypt and Yemen during the 12th-13th c./5th-6th c. AH &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;The founder of the dynasty was Shirukh, a Kurdish retainer of the Zengid prince <a href="https://www.archnet.org/authorities/7171" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Nur al-Din</a>. First Shirukh secured the governorship of <a href="https://www.archnet.org/authorities/3497" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Aleppo</a> and later was appointed vizier to the <a href="https://www.archnet.org/collections/2358" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Fatimid</a> ruler of Egypt. Shirukh was succeeded by his nephew <a href="https://www.archnet.org/authorities/2683" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Salah al-Din</a> who rapidly extended his position and became ruler of Egypt, Syria and northern Iraq whilst he appointed his brother ruler of Yemen. Salah al-Din's greatest accomplishment was the defeat of the Crusaders and the reconquest of<a href="https://www.archnet.org/authorities/6579" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"> Jerusalem</a>. Salah al-Din died in 1189/584 AH and his empire fragmented under his successors who ruled various parts of the empire until the mid-13thc./6th c. AH.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ayyubid architecture was dominated by the need to combat two enemies: the Crusaders in Palestine and the rising threat of Shi'ism and religious dissension. To combat the Crusaders a network of fortresses was built which rivalled those of the Crusaders both in size and technical sophistication. Amongst the best examples of Ayyubid military architecture are <a href="https://www.archnet.org/sites/22465" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Qal'at Rabad</a> at Ajlun in Jordan and <a href="https://www.archnet.org/sites/22466" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Qal'at Nimrud </a>at Banyas in Syria. In addition the fortification of citadels was improved and the famous <a href="https://www.archnet.org/sites/16775" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">gateway of the Aleppo Citadel </a>dates from this period. Some of the techniques of fortification were learned from the Crusaders (curtain walls following the natural topography), although many were inherited from the Fatimids (machicolations and round towers) and some were developed simultaneously (concentric planning). Shi'ism was an equally dangerous threat to the Ayyubids who built a large number of madrassas in both Syria and Egypt. In Egypt the Ayyubids had to reintroduce religious orthodoxy after two centuries of government-imposed Shi'ism. In Syria there was a so a growing threat of Shi'ism in the form of the Assassins who had benefited from the confusion of the Crusader conflict. The Ayyubids tried to promote Sufism as an orthodox alternative and began to build khanqas and Sufi shrines to provide a focus for these activities. Petersen, Andrew.&nbsp;<a href="https://www.archnet.org/collections/126" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">Dictionary of Islamic Architecture</a>.&nbsp;London and New York: Routledge, 1999.

Maqam Nabi Yusha
Ma'arrat al-Nu'man, Syria

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Maqam Nabi Yusha
Ma'arrat al-Nu'man, Syria

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Maqam Nabi YushaMa'arrat al-Nu'man, Syria

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Maqam Nabi Yusha
Ma'arrat al-Nu'man, Syria